Three-Phase Power

Three-phase power is a type of electrical power distribution system that uses three alternating currents (phases) that are offset in time to each other by one-third of the total cycle. It is commonly used in industrial and commercial applications.

Key Characteristics of Three-Phase Power:

Real Power Calculation (Three-Phase)

Real power is the actual power transferred to a load and is measured in watts (W).

Formula:

P = √3 * VL-L * IL * PF

Real power represents the useful power consumed by resistive and reactive loads.

Formula Breakdown:



Reactive Power (Q) Calculation

Reactive power is the power used by inductive or capacitive loads and is measured in volt-amperes reactive (VAR).

Formula:

Q = √3 * VL-L * IL * sin(θ)

Reactive power is required for the magnetizing of equipment such as motors and transformers.

Formula Breakdown:



Apparent Power Calculation (Three-Phase)

Apparent power is the vector sum of real power and reactive power and is measured in volt-amperes (VA).

Formula:

S = √3 * VL-L * IL

Apparent power represents the total power supplied or consumed by a three-phase system.

Formula Breakdown:


Power Factor Calculation (Three-Phase)

Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power and is a measure of how effectively electrical power is utilized.To calculate the power factor, divide the active power by the product of the square root of 3, line-to-line voltage, and line current. A power factor of 1 (or close to 1) indicates a highly efficient system where the active power is fully utilized. A power factor below 1 indicates reactive power consumption, which can lead to inefficiencies in the system.

Formula:

PF = P / (√3 * VL-L * IL)

Formula Breakdown: